广西医学

目的基于CiteSpace软件探讨体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）治疗急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的研究现状、热点和趋势。方法检索国内外数据库2004—2024年ECMO治疗ARDS的相关文献，采用 CiteSpace 软件对文献的年度发文量、合作情况、文献共被引、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果共纳入中文文献517篇，英文文献2 923篇。2004—2024年，ECMO治疗ARDS相关文献的年度发文量整体呈上升趋势，其中，中文文献共有463名作者，核心作者88名，发文量176篇，作者间合作密度低，未形成核心作者群；英文文献共800名作者，核心作者77名，发文量1 411篇，作者间合作密度仍偏低，也未形成核心作者群。共有75个国家发表ECMO治疗ARDS相关文献，发文量排名前5的国家分别是美国（1 054篇）、德国（503篇）、中国（319篇）、意大利（318篇）和法国（303篇），其中英国中心性最高（0.21）。中文文献发文量前3的研究机构为东南大学附属中大医院重症医学科（10篇）、浙江大学医学院附属第一医院（6篇）和中日友好医院（5篇），英文文献发文量前3的研究机构是巴黎公共医院（187篇）、法国国家健康与医学研究院（160篇）、法国Sorbonne大学（147篇）。共引频次最高的文献是 Combes A等发表的EOLIA试验（490次）与 Peek GJ等发表的CESAR 试验（253 次）。目前该领域研究热点为ECMO治疗ARDS的疾病谱变迁、干预方法与联合治疗、ECMO联合治疗下的并发症防治，而俯卧位通气、危重症护理、coronavirus disease 2019（新型冠状病毒肺炎）、cohort（队列）、document（文献）、guidelines（指南）、impact（影响）为未来研究趋势。结论 ECMO治疗ARDS的研究受突发公共卫生事件驱动呈阶段性增长，国际合作网络松散且缺乏核心作者群，国内研究存在地域局限性，需强化数据共享与国际联盟。当前研究热点聚焦疾病谱变迁、联合治疗模式及并发症防治，未来国内研究正转向“生命体征支持—联合治疗—撤机康复”综合管理，国际研究将深化“精准化与标准化”治疗，并开展多维度社会价值评估。

Objective To explore the research status, hotspots and tendency of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) based on CiteSpace software. Methods Literature related to ECMO for the treatment of ARDS from 2004 to 2024 was retrieved from domestic and foreign databases. The CiteSpace software was used to visually analyze the annual number of publications, cooperation, co⁃citation and key words of the literature. Results A total of 517 Chinese articles and 2923 English articles were included. From 2004 to 2024, the annual number of publications related to ECMO for the treatment of ARDS exhibited an overall upward trend, therein there were 463 authors in Chinese literature, with 88 core authors and 176 publications. There was still a lack of cooperation between the authors, and no core author group had been formed. There were 800 authors of English literature, with 77 core authors and 1411 publications. There was still a lack of cooperation between the authors, and no core author group had been formed yet. A total of 75 countries published articles on ECMO for the treatment of ARDS. The top five countries in terms of number of publications were the United States (1054 articles), Germany (503 articles), China (319 articles), Italy (318 articles), and France (303 articles), among which the United Kingdom had the highest concentration (0.21). The top 3 research institutions with the highest number of Chinese publications were Department of Critical Care Medicine of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University (10 articles), the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (6 articles) and China⁃Japan Friendship Hospital (5 articles). The top 3 research institutions with the highest number of English publications were the Assistance Publique Hopitaux Paris (187 articles), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (160 articles), and Sorbonne University (147 articles). EOLIA trial of Combes A's team (490 times) and CESAR trial of Peek GJ's team (253 times) were the most frequently cited articles. At present, the research hotspots in this field were the change of disease spectrum, intervention methods and combined therapy, and the prevention and control of complications via ECMO combination therapy. Prone position ventilation, critical care, coronavirus disease 2019, cohort, document, guidelines, impact were the future research trends. Conclusion Driven by public health emergencies, there is a gradual increase in the number of studies on ECMO for the treatment of ARDS. The international cooperation network is loose and there is a lack of core authors. Domestic studies have geographical limitations, so data sharing and international alliances should be strengthened. Current research focuses on the change of disease spectrum, combined treatment mode and complication prevention and control. In the future, domestic research is turning to the comprehensive management of “vital sign support, combined treatment, and weaning rehabilitation”, and international research will deepen the “precision and standardization” treatment and carry out multi⁃dimensional social value evaluation.

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