Objective To investigate the clinical effect of 3D⁃printing preoperative planning⁃assisted hip arthrotomy reduction with pelvic and femoral osteotomy for the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH). Methods Clinical data of 139 CDH children (154 hip dislocations) were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the treatment method, children were divided into control group (70 cases, treated with hip arthrotomy reduction with pelvic and femoral osteotomy) or observation group (69 cases, treated with 3D⁃printing preoperative planning⁃assisted hip arthrotomy reduction with pelvic and femoral osteotomy). The surgical⁃related indicators (operation duration, intraoperative bleeding volume, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, and postoperative length of hospital stay), clinical efficacy, the occurrence of postoperative relevant complications, as well as preoperative and postoperative imaging parameters with respect to acetabular index (AI), center⁃edge angle (CE), acetabular cup inclination angle (AC), femoral neck anteversion angle, acetabular coverage rate, and hip function (Harris score) were compared between the two groups. Results The operation duration, postoperative length of hospital stay, intraoperative bleeding volume, and intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency in the observation group were shorter or less than those in the control group (P<0.05). Postoperatively, the AI, AC, and femoral neck anteversion angle in both groups decreased compared to preoperative values, while the CE and acetabular coverage rate increased; in addition, the postoperative CE and AC in the observation group were greater than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 1 year postoperatively, the Harris scores in both groups increased compared to preoperative scores, and the Harris score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 95.65%, higher than the 84.29% in the control group (P<0.05). The total incidence rate of complications in the observation group was 4.35%, lower than the 14.29% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared to hip arthrotomy reduction with pelvic and femoral osteotomy, the 3D⁃printing preoperative planning⁃assisted hip arthrotomy reduction with pelvic and femoral osteotomy for CDH can shorten operation duration and postoperative length of hospital stay, reduce intraoperative bleeding volume and fluoroscopy frequency, promote faster postoperative hip function recovery, yield better clinical efficacy, and demonstrate higher safety.

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