Invasive mechanical ventilation is a ventilation method that can rapidly ameliorate pulmonary ventilation status and ensure effective oxygenation, widely used in the treatment of critically ill neonates. However, prolonged ventilation or premature ventilation weaning can lead to a series of adverse reactions, thereby increasing harm to the infants. Currently, the failure rate of clinical weaning remains high. Therefore, selecting the appropriate timing for weaning and seeking a reliable tool to predict weaning outcomes are crucial for ameliorating the prognosis of neonates undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation. Previous studies have expressed that diaphragm ultrasound and lung ultrasound have application value in predicting weaning outcomes in neonates receiving invasive mechanical ventilation to a certain extent, but related research is limited, and the predictive efficiency of some predictive tools remains controversial. This paper reviews domestic and international research on the application of diaphragm ultrasound and lung ultrasound in predicting weaning outcomes for neonates undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation, aiming at providing a theoretical basis for clinical weaning.

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