广西医学

目的分析校园社区院前急救的流行病学特征及医疗资源需求。方法回顾性分析2023年1月至2024年12月南宁市某急救中心出诊的校园社区院前急救病例资料，比较学生及教职工群体急救病例的疾病分类、病情危重程度分级及出诊时间分布差异。结果共纳入935例校园社区院前急救病例，其中学生580例（62.0%）、教职工355例（38.0%）。总体上，疾病谱以创伤性疾病为主（24.1%），其次为其他神经系统疾病（13.0%）、心血管系统疾病（12.1%）与消化系统疾病（12.0%）；病情危重程度分级以Ⅲ级（急症）的占比最高（64.3%）。学生群体中，急救病例疾病谱以创伤性疾病（22.2%）、其他神经系统疾病（16.2%）、消化系统疾病（15.3%）为主，病情严重程度以Ⅲ级（急症）、Ⅳ级（轻症）为主，出诊高峰集中在学期内（3—6月、9—12月，占91.6%），出诊时段全天分布相对均匀，傍晚（18:00—23:59）及夜间（0:00—05:59）合计占比55.9%。教职工群体中，疾病谱以创伤性疾病（27.0%）、心血管系统疾病（22.0%）及脑血管疾病（11.5%）为主，病情严重程度以Ⅰ级（危重症）、Ⅱ级（重症）为主，出诊量全年分布均匀，日间（06:00—11:59）及傍晚（18:00—23:59）合计占比59.1%。结论校园社区院前急救需求存在显著人群特异性，可针对不同群体的疾病谱、出诊时间规律制定分层干预策略，以优化急救资源动态配置，提升校园社区院前急救效能。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and medical resource demands for pre⁃hospital emergency in campus community. Methods Data from campus⁃community pre⁃hospital emergency cases treated by a Nanning emergency center between January 2023 and December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Disease classification, severity classification of diseases, and distribution difference of out⁃call hours were compared between emergency cases of students and faculty/staff group. Results A total of 935 campus⁃community pre⁃hospital emergency cases were enrolled, comprising 580 students (62.0%) and 355 faculty/staff (38.0%). The disease spectrum was mainly composed of traumatic diseases (24.1%), followed by other nervous system diseases (13.0%), cardiovascular system diseases (12.1%), and digestive system diseases (12.0%). The proportion of grade Ⅲ (emergency) was the highest (accounting for 64.3%) in terms of disease severity classification. Among the students, traumatic diseases (22.2%), other nervous system diseases (16.2%), and digestive system diseases (15.3%) were the main disease spectrum, and the disease severity was mainly grade Ⅲ (emergency) and grade Ⅳ (mild case). The peak of out⁃calls was concentrated in the school term (March to June and September to December, accounting for 91.6%), and the distribution of out⁃call hours was relatively uniform throughout the day. Evening (18:00 to 23:59) and nighttime (0:00 to 05:59) accounted for 55.9% in total. Among the faculty/staff group, traumatic diseases (27.0%), cardiovascular system disease (22.0%), and cerebrovascular diseases (11.5%) were the main disease spectrum, and the disease severity was mainly grade Ⅰ(critical illness) and grade Ⅱ(severe case). The number of out⁃calls was evenly distributed throughout the year. Daytime (06:00 to 11:59) and evening (18:00 to 23:59) accounted for 59.1% in total. Conclusion There are significant population specific demands for pre⁃hospital emergency in the campus community. Hierarchical intervention strategies can be formulated according to the disease spectrum and out⁃call hour rules of different groups, optimizing the dynamic allocation of emergency resources and improving the performance of pre⁃hospital emergency in the campus community.