Objective To explore the correlation between dyslipidemia and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) risk. Methods A total of 5706 research subjects participated in the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were enrolled in performing cross⁃sectional study, therein a total of 3326 participants who completed the follow⁃up in 2018 were included as the research subjects for performing longitudinal study. Multivariate Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the correlation between dyslipidemia and BPH/LUTS, and subgroup analysis and interactive effect analysis on age, educational level, household registration, marital status, nighttime sleep duration, and depression were conducted. Results The results of cross⁃sectional study revealed that in the completely adjusted model adjusting for all covariates, the risk of BPH/LUTS was significantly increased in patients with dyslipidemia (P<0.05). The results of longitudinal study indicated that in the completely adjusted model adjusting for all covariates, patients with dyslipidemia obtained a significantly increased risk of new⁃onset BPH/LUTS after 7 years of follow⁃up (P<0.05). The results of subgroup analysis depicted that the causal correlation between dyslipidemia and BPH/LUTS was statistically significant in the subgroups of age ≥60 years, educational level below junior high school, urban household registration, and nighttime sleep duration <6 hours (P<0.05), whereas this correlation was not statistically significant in the subgroups of age between 45 and 60 years, with a junior high school education or above, rural household registration, and nighttime sleep duration between 6 and 8 hours or >8 hours (P>0.05); however, the results of the interactive effect test were not statistically significant ( Pinteraction>0.05). Conclusion Dyslipidemia increases the occurrence risk of BPH/LUTS. Strengthening the screening and management of dyslipidemia may be of great significance for the early prevention of BPH/LUTS.

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