Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a disease that seriously affects male's quality of life. Traditional treatment methods, such as phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, are widely used in clinical practice, but their effects on organic and mixed ED are limited, and fundamental penile tissue repair cannot be achieved. In recent years, stem cell therapy has attracted attention in the treatment of a variety of diseases due to its ability of self⁃renewal and multi⁃directional differentiation, and has gradually shown application prospects in the treatment of ED. Its therapeutic potential stems from the promotion of tissue regeneration and repair by the mechanisms of direct differentiation replacement, paracrine effect, and immune regulation. This paper reviews the basic research and clinical application progress of stem cell therapy for ED, aiming to provide a reference for further research and clinical transformation in this field.

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